Persian, Turkish, Spanish, French, German, English & more
Piano, Setar, Tar, Violin & more
Persian, Physics, Maths, Chemistry, Biology
In This Guide What قاجاریان (Qājāriān) means and where this Turkic dynasty came from 136 years of Qajar rule (1789–1925) — Tehran, modernity, and pressure from Russia and Britain The 1906 Constitutional Revolution — Iran’s first democracy movement Qajar art: lacquerwork, portrait painting, and the distinctive Qajar aesthetic Why the
In This Guide 60 Farsi words for weather and seasons — with Persian script, romanisation, and cultural context The four seasons in Persian — بهار، تابستان، پاییز، زمستان — and what each means culturally Weather conversation phrases used every day in Persian Persian proverbs about weather and seasons How weather
In This Guide What صفویان (Safaviān) means and where the dynasty came from 235 years of Safavid rule (1501–1736) — the dynasty that made Iran Shia Isfahan — “نصف جهان” (half the world) — the city that defined Persian architecture Shah Abbas I — the greatest Safavid king and master
In This Guide What ساسانیان (Sasaniān) means and why this dynasty matters above all others 427 years of the Sasanian Empire (224–651 AD) — kings, capitals, and key events How the Sasanians created the foundations of modern Farsi, Persian music, and Persian art Barbad — the Sasanian court musician whose
In This Guide What اشکانیان (Ashkaniān) means — name, origin, and Persian pronunciation 471 years of Parthian rule — from Arsaces I to the fall in 224 AD Why Rome could never defeat them — the famous Parthian cavalry and “Parthian shot” The three great Parthian kings: Arsaces I, Mithridates
Persian Culture & Language What Is Tirgan? The Persian Water Festival and Why It Reminds Iranians of Spain’s San Juan Night Tirgan is an ancient Persian summer festival connected with water, rain, renewal, and the legendary story of Arash the Archer. For many Iranians living in Spain, it also creates
In This Guide What هخامنشیان (Hakhamaneshi) means — the name, origin, and Old Persian script 220 years of the Achaemenid Empire — from Cyrus the Great to Alexander (550–330 BC) The four greatest kings: Cyrus, Cambyses, Darius, and Xerxes Key Farsi vocabulary that comes directly from this era Persepolis, the
In This Guide What Dastgah is — and why it’s not the same as a Western “key” All 7 primary Dastgahs and 5 Āvāz modes — emotional character and Farsi name How the Radif (canon of melodies) and Gusheh (melodic phrases) work within each Dastgah How Tar, Setar, and Santur
In This Guide The key differences between Tar and Setar — sound, strings, playing technique, and character Side-by-side comparison across 10 features Who should learn the Tar, and who should learn the Setar How both instruments use the Dastgah modal system Persian vocabulary for both instruments Where to start if
In This Guide What the santur is — Persia’s hammered dulcimer, with 72 strings and two wooden mallets How the santur is built and why its sound is so distinctive How the santur is played — the mezrāb mallets and right/left-hand technique Santur vs tar vs setar — how all
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